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Mathematics 6.
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Index of new concepts
angle bisector • It is a ray originating from the vertex of an angle that divides the angle into two equal parts.
combining • The addition and subtraction of numbers with signs is called combining.
common factor, greatest common factor • The common factors of two numbers are factors of both numbers. The largest of the common factors is called the greatest common factor.
common multiple, lowest common multiple • The common multiples of two numbers are multiples of both numbers. The smallest positive common multiple is called the lowest common multiple of the two numbers.
composite number • Natural numbers greater than \latex{ 1 } that have more than two factors.
kite • A quadrilateral with two pairs of adjacent sides that are equal in length.
direct proportion • Two variables are directly proportional if one increases, then the other also increases by the same amount.
factor, multiple • Natural number \latex{ a } is a factor of natural number \latex{ b } (natural number \latex{ b } is a multiple of natural number \latex{ a }) if there is a natural number \latex{ k } that, when multiplied by \latex{ a }, gives \latex{ b }, that is, \latex{ k × a = b }.
inverse proportion • Two variables are inversely proportional if one of them increases and the other decreases by the same amount.
isosceles trapezium • A trapezium that has two pairs of adjacent equal angles.
isosceles triangle • A triangle with two sides of equal length.
percentage • The \latex{\frac{1}{100}}th part of a number is called \latex{ 1 }%, while the \latex{\frac{100}{100}}th part is called \latex{ 100}%.
perpendicular bisector • The perpendicular bisector of a line segment is a line perpendicular to the line segment that crosses the midpoint of the line segment.
prime number • Natural numbers that have exactly two factors.
ratio • The ratio of two numbers is the quotient of two numbers.
rational numbers • Numbers that can be expressed as the quotient of two integers.
reciprocal • If the product of two numbers is \latex{ 1 }, they are reciprocals of each other.
regular polygon • Polygons with sides of equal length and equal angles.
equilateral triangle • A triangle whose sides are equal in length.
relative primes, coprimes • If two numbers do not have a common prime factor, their greatest common factor is \latex{ 1 }. These numbers are called coprimes (relative primes).
rhombus • A quadrilateral whose sides are equal in length.
trapezium • A quadrilateral with a pair of parallel sides.
combining • The addition and subtraction of numbers with signs is called combining.
common factor, greatest common factor • The common factors of two numbers are factors of both numbers. The largest of the common factors is called the greatest common factor.
common multiple, lowest common multiple • The common multiples of two numbers are multiples of both numbers. The smallest positive common multiple is called the lowest common multiple of the two numbers.
composite number • Natural numbers greater than \latex{ 1 } that have more than two factors.
kite • A quadrilateral with two pairs of adjacent sides that are equal in length.
direct proportion • Two variables are directly proportional if one increases, then the other also increases by the same amount.
factor, multiple • Natural number \latex{ a } is a factor of natural number \latex{ b } (natural number \latex{ b } is a multiple of natural number \latex{ a }) if there is a natural number \latex{ k } that, when multiplied by \latex{ a }, gives \latex{ b }, that is, \latex{ k × a = b }.
inverse proportion • Two variables are inversely proportional if one of them increases and the other decreases by the same amount.
isosceles trapezium • A trapezium that has two pairs of adjacent equal angles.
isosceles triangle • A triangle with two sides of equal length.
percentage • The \latex{\frac{1}{100}}th part of a number is called \latex{ 1 }%, while the \latex{\frac{100}{100}}th part is called \latex{ 100}%.
perpendicular bisector • The perpendicular bisector of a line segment is a line perpendicular to the line segment that crosses the midpoint of the line segment.
prime number • Natural numbers that have exactly two factors.
ratio • The ratio of two numbers is the quotient of two numbers.
rational numbers • Numbers that can be expressed as the quotient of two integers.
reciprocal • If the product of two numbers is \latex{ 1 }, they are reciprocals of each other.
regular polygon • Polygons with sides of equal length and equal angles.
equilateral triangle • A triangle whose sides are equal in length.
relative primes, coprimes • If two numbers do not have a common prime factor, their greatest common factor is \latex{ 1 }. These numbers are called coprimes (relative primes).
rhombus • A quadrilateral whose sides are equal in length.
trapezium • A quadrilateral with a pair of parallel sides.
